History homework – 30 Id’s and 6 essay questions

Humanities

`SEGMENT 2

Ancient & Medieval World History

STUDY QUESTIONS FOR 2nd  EXAM

For those words, find three things for each of them. The three things are ( where is it, when is it, and what is it)

Short Answers (identification) terms (write 4-5 lines, allow 4 minutes for each)

Brahmanism

Samsara

“Four Noble Truths”

Legalism

Mohenjo‑daro

yin and yang

anatman

Qin Unification

Nirvana

Han Dynasty

Upanishads

Mandate of Heaven

1i & jen

dharma

ahimsa

Paul of Tarsus

Tribune

Severi

consul

Punic Wars

Tetrarchy

patricians vs. plebeians

Gracchus Reform

Justinian

Corpus Juris Civilis

populares vs. optimates

Iconoclasm

Marius

Heraclius

Mahayana

Essay Topics. (Write 150-200 words, allow 20 minutes for each)

1‑ Discuss the transformation of culture in India from pre‑Vedic era in Indus Valley to the rise of native challenge around 500 B.C. What are the main features of Indian religions? Make sure to include Brahmanism and Upanishads. What are the main religious‑philosophical concepts within Upanishads?

2‑What were the three major native reactions to Brahmanism and Upanishads. Specifically discuss, Buddhism, Jainism, and Bhagavata? How did each of these responses saw weaknesses of the existing religion? Discuss the main feature of each of these 3 religion/philosophies.

3‑ Discuss the development of Chinese religion and its main features. In general, how does the focus of Chinese thought differ from that of India? Discuss the three intellectual reactions to the period of “Warring States.” Specifically discuss Confucianism, Daoism, and legalism. What were their main features? How did they impact Chinese political transformation form the Qin period to the Han Dynasty?

4- What major political, economic, and social development contributed to the transformation of the Roman Republic to an empire? Was this inevitable? What made the Romans so successful as an empire builder that in comparison to the Greeks? In what ways were the Roman art, architecture and culture (views toward themselves and others) different?

5- Discuss the rise and the fall of the Roman Empire from Augustus, through the crisis of the 3rd century, and its final division into a western and eastern half. What was the consequence of this division? What was the advantage of the eastern half over the western half? What role did the Christian church played in the western half as opposed to the eastern half?

6- Discuss the Byzantine Empire from its birth to its end. Start with Constantine, through Justinian, Heraclius, Alexius to its final destruction in 1453. How and why did the eastern half of the Roman Empire (later to be known as the Byzantine civilization) develop so differently from the western half (later to be known as Medieval Western Europe)? What economic, political, and religious factors contributed to this division?

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